Gichin Funakoshi (船越 義珍) said, "There are no contests in karate."In pre–World War II Okinawa, kumite was not part of karate training.
Shigeru Egami relates that, in 1940, some karateka were ousted from their dojo because they adopted sparring after having learned it in Tokyo.
Karate is divided into style organizations. These organizations sometimes cooperate in non-style specific sport karate organizations or federations.
Examples of sport organizations are AAKF/ITKF, AOK, TKL, AKA, WKF, NWUKO, WUKF and WKC.
Organizations hold competitions (tournaments) from local to international level.
Tournaments are designed to match members of opposing schools or styles against one another in kata, sparring and weapons demonstration.
They are often separated by age, rank and sex with potentially different rules or standards based on these factors.
The tournament may be exclusively for members of a particular style (closed) or one in which any martial artist from any style may participate within the rules of the tournament (open).
The World Karate Federation (WKF) is the largest sport karate organization and is recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as being responsible for karate competition in the Olympic games.
The WKF has developed common rules governing all styles. The national WKF organizations coordinate with their respective National Olympic Committees.
Karate does not have 2012 Olympic status. In the 117th IOC Session (July 2005), karate received more than half of the votes, but not the two-thirds majority needed to become an official Olympic sport.
WKF karate competition has two disciplines: sparring (kumite) and forms (kata) Competitors may enter either as individuals or as part of a team.
Evaluation for kata and kobudō is performed by a panel of judges, whereas sparring is judged by a head referee, usually with assistant referees at the side of the sparring area.
Sparring matches are typically divided by weight, age, gender, and experience.
WKF only allows membership through one national organization/federation per country to which clubs may join.
The World Union of Karate-do Federations (WUKF) offers different styles and federations a world body they may join, without having to compromise their style or size.
The WUKF accepts more than one federation or association per country.
Sport organizations use different competition rule systems. Light contact rules are used by the WKF, WUKO, IASK and WKC.
Full contact karate rules used by Kyokushinkai, Seidokaikan and other organizations.
Bogu kumite (full contact with protective padding) rules are used in the All Japan Koshiki Karate-Do Federation organization.
Shinkaratedo Federation use boxing gloves.
Within the United States, rules may be under the jurisdiction of state sports authorities, such as the boxing commission.
